SECTORS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY || Economics || Class 10 || Chapter 2 || Part 6 [ How to Create More Employment? ]

How to Create More Employment?

How to Create More Employment

• Many people in agriculture are not fully employed, and some have no jobs at all. We can create more jobs in different ways.
  • कृषि में कई लोग पूरी तरह से काम पर नहीं हैं, और कुछ के पास बिल्कुल काम नहीं है। हम विभिन्न तरीकों से अधिक नौकरियाँ बना सकते हैं।

Irrigation and Farming

• If Laxmi, a farmer with unirrigated land, gets a well through government support or a loan from a bank, she can grow more crops.

  • अगर लक्ष्मी को बिना सिंचाई वाली जमीन पर सरकारी सहायता या बैंक से कर्ज लेकर कुआं मिलता है, तो वह अधिक फसल उगा सकती है।

• Growing more crops, like wheat in the rabi season, can provide jobs to more family members.

  • अधिक फसलें उगाने से, जैसे रबी के मौसम में गेहूं, परिवार के अन्य सदस्यों को भी काम मिल सकता है।

• If a dam and canals are built to bring water to many farms, this can create more jobs within the agriculture sector.

  • अगर एक बांध और नहरें बनाकर कई खेतों तक पानी पहुंचाया जाए, तो इससे कृषि क्षेत्र में अधिक रोजगार उत्पन्न हो सकते हैं।

Transport and Selling Crops

• If farmers produce more, they need to sell the extra crops. Building better roads and storage facilities can help them reach the market.

  • अगर किसान अधिक उत्पादन करते हैं, तो उन्हें फसलें बेचने की जरूरत होगी। बेहतर सड़कें और भंडारण सुविधाएँ बनाकर उन्हें बाजार तक पहुंचने में मदद मिल सकती है।

• Jobs will also be created in transportation and trade as farmers sell their crops.

  • जब किसान अपनी फसलें बेचेंगे, तो परिवहन और व्यापार में भी रोजगार पैदा होंगे।

Credit for Farmers

• Farmers like Laxmi need seeds, fertilizers, and equipment. If they get loans from banks at low interest rates, they can buy these things.

  • लक्ष्मी जैसी किसानों को बीज, उर्वरक और उपकरणों की जरूरत होती है। अगर उन्हें बैंकों से कम ब्याज दर पर ऋण मिलता है, तो वे ये चीजें खरीद सकती हैं।

• Providing cheap loans will help farmers improve their farming and increase their income.

  • सस्ते कर्ज देने से किसान अपनी खेती में सुधार कर सकेंगे और उनकी आय बढ़ेगी।

Setting Up Small Industries

• We can also create jobs by setting up small industries in semi-rural areas, like dal mills to process pulse crops.

  • हम अर्ध-ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में छोटे उद्योग स्थापित करके भी नौकरियां पैदा कर सकते हैं, जैसे दाल मिल जो दाल की फसलों को प्रोसेस करे।

• Cold storages can help farmers store crops like potatoes and onions and sell them later at a better price.

  • कोल्ड स्टोरेज किसानों को आलू और प्याज जैसी फसलें स्टोर करने में मदद कर सकते हैं ताकि वे उन्हें बाद में बेहतर कीमत पर बेच सकें।

• In forest areas, we can set up honey collection centres where farmers can sell wild honey.

  • जंगलों के पास के इलाकों में हम शहद इकट्ठा करने वाले केंद्र खोल सकते हैं, जहां किसान जंगली शहद बेच सकते हैं।

• We can also start industries to process vegetables and other agricultural products for selling in big markets.

  • हम सब्जियों और अन्य कृषि उत्पादों को प्रोसेस करने के उद्योग भी शुरू कर सकते हैं ताकि उन्हें बड़े बाजारों में बेचा जा सके।

Difficult Words:

• Unirrigated land: बिना सिंचाई वाली जमीन – ऐसी जमीन जहाँ पानी की व्यवस्था नहीं हो।
• Rabi season: रबी का मौसम – वह मौसम जब गेहूं और अन्य ठंडे मौसम की फसलें उगाई जाती हैं।
• Credit: ऋण – पैसे उधार लेना।
• Cold storage: कोल्ड स्टोरेज – ऐसी जगह जहाँ फसलें ठंडे तापमान में सुरक्षित रखी जाती हैं।

What groups of people do you think are unemployed or underemployed in your area? Can you think of some measures that could be taken up for them? 

Unemployed or Underemployed Groups

• Youth and Recent Graduates: Many young people face difficulties finding jobs after finishing their education.

  • Measures:
    • Implement job training programs in schools and colleges.
    • Promote internships and apprenticeships with local businesses to provide real-world experience.

• Skilled Workers: Individuals with skills in trades (like carpentry, plumbing, etc.) may find it hard to secure steady employment.

  • Measures:
    • Organize skill development workshops to enhance their qualifications.
    • Create platforms for freelancers and skilled workers to connect with potential employers.

• Women: Women, especially those with childcare responsibilities, often struggle to find full-time work.

  • Measures:
    • Provide affordable childcare services to enable mothers to join the workforce.
    • Promote flexible work arrangements, such as part-time and remote work options.

• Farmers and Agricultural Workers: Many farmers may be underemployed due to the seasonal nature of agriculture.

  • Measures:
    • Encourage diversification of crops and offer training on modern agricultural techniques.
    • Develop cooperatives to help farmers sell their products more efficiently.

• Casual Laborers: Workers in informal sectors (like street vendors, cleaners, etc.) may lack job security and benefits.

  • Measures:
    • Provide access to microloans to help them start small businesses.
    • Implement policies for better working conditions and fair wages.

• Disabled Individuals: People with disabilities may find it challenging to find suitable employment.

  • Measures:
    • Promote inclusive hiring practices and provide workplace accommodations.
    • Establish training programs tailored to their abilities and skills.

• Elderly Workers: Older individuals might be pushed out of the workforce or face age discrimination.

  • Measures:
    • Create retraining programs for older workers to help them transition to new roles.
    • Advocate for age-friendly workplace policies that value their experience.

Community Measures

• Job Fairs: Organize local job fairs to connect job seekers with employers.
• Support Groups: Establish community groups that focus on employment support, providing resources and networking opportunities.
• Government Initiatives: Advocate for local and national policies that support job creation and skill development.

By recognizing these groups and implementing supportive measures, communities can work towards reducing unemployment and underemployment, helping people secure stable and fulfilling jobs.